Motorcycle Braking System & Tips For Safety
Riderz, can you imagine the
situation if there were no brakes equipped with your bike! Wow what a
crash!! Umhmm, it is not possible to be a bike without any braking
system. Braking system is the essential part of bike like all type of
vehicles. Very recently I have faced some extreme miserable situation
due to braking system of my motorbike. Therefore here I am motivated to
write something about motorbike braking system. So here is Motorcycle
Braking System & Tips For Safety. So let’s head into the discussion
of the topic.
You know motorbikes are equipped with
brakes with both front & rear wheels. Traditionally bikes are
equipped with regular drum type brakes. But the modern bikes are fitted
with various type of braking system. So let’s look upon the brief of
each type of braking system.
Motorcycle Braking System – Drum Type
This is the oldest but reliable &
effective braking system till now. Still we can see this type of brakes
on heavy vehicles and also in many motorbikes. This is a simple
technology where the brake pads or shoes are installed inside the drum
of the bike wheel (Rim). When the brake pedal pressed the shoes hold
tightly on the inner wall of the whirling drum and reduces the rotating
speed. Thus it works.
Motorcycle Braking System – Disk Type
This is the modern braking system of
motorbike which has attached first time with motorbike on 1969 by Honda.
Then it was used only in racing bikes. But now it is very common in any
type of bikes. In this type of brake a braking disk attached with the
wheel instead of the traditional drum, where the clipper assembled with
brake pads (shoes) from two side & disk stays in-between the pads.
When wheel rotates the disk also rotates. So when brake lever pushed,
the lever presses a cylinder full of fluids and that fluid makes a
hydraulic pressure on the pads assembled with the clipper and holds
tightly the rotating disk.
Due to usage of fluid (Hydraulic)
pressure it commonly also called as hydraulic brake. But it is a
misconception. Drum type brake also can be hydraulic when it operated
with fluid pressure rather than mechanical pressure. So it will nice to
use the term Disk type brake & Drum type brake.
As the disk brake is now most common
and popular technology for effective braking system so it has
modernized for more safety with ABS, CBS and combined ABS. So let’s head
into the terms.
Anti Lock Braking System – ABS
ABS stands for Antilock Braking System.
The modern bike usage much powerful engines. So they are powerful &
faster than earlier generation bikes. So they need more effective
braking system and disk type of brake is the proper solution for these
bikes. But there also risk remains for faster bikes. Disk brakes often
get jam when it applied hard in extreme situation and can totally lock
up the wheel. Thus the bike can easily loose tire traction with the road
and can slip & skid away very badly.
For this reason, some electronic sensors
are equipped with the disk brake to measure the wheel speed &
braking pressure applied by brake. And an ECU (Electronic Control Unit)
controls the fluid pressure on the brake pad & lets the brake stop
the wheel within a safe calculative range. Thus it prevents the brake
& wheel from jamming in extreme speed situation and prevents the
tire from slipping or skidding on road. This is the basic term of ABS.
Combined Braking System – CBS
CBS stands for Combined Braking System.
This is the most advanced braking system which applied only on higher
capacity performer bikes. The basic principal is to distribute the
braking pressure rationally on both wheel of motorbike even any single
brake (front or rear) has applied. In this technology ECU (Electronic
control unit) controls whole braking system of the motorbike
simultaneously.
CBS also known as LBS (Linked
Braking System) or MIB (Motorbike Integral Braking System). CBS has many
variations as different brand uses different variations. And Combine
ABS is a popular application of CBS.
Motorcycle Braking System – Which is Safe
In general sense, that type of brake is
safe for us which has better stopping power. So disk type brake is safer
than the drum type brake as disk brake has effective stopping power
than drum brake, where it work more precisely rather than the drum
brake. But due to superior stopping power disk brake is also dangerous
than the drum brake as it can easily get jam & lock the wheel in
extreme speedy situation. Thus the bike & rider can dangerously slip
& skid on the road.
So we need more effective technology to
avoid such drawback. So ABS is the best solution for this issue, which
prevents brake locking, reduces the speed gradually and stops the bike
within a mathematical range. Thus a bike & biker gets relief from
slipping & skidding due to brake jamming & locking. So disk type
brake with ABS is the safer braking technology. And the safest
technology is CBS & Combined ABS.
Motorcycle Braking System – International Legislation
Motorbike is the most popular vehicle in
the world. It’s the sign of freedom. But it is very much dangerous
rather than other vehicles. So internationally many researchers,
surveyors researched on increasing safety issue for motorbike. And
considering effectiveness of ABS EU Commission has passed a law in 2012
to equip ABS with motorbike above 125 cc, which will be mandatory from
1st January, 2016 onward.
Motorcycle Braking System – Bangladeshi Aspect
In Bangladesh we just started to use
disk type brakes in our bikes with regular drum brake. As there is a
ridiculous CC restriction on bike engine capacity in our country, so we
cannot use higher capacity performer bikes. For that reason we can only
use below 155cc capacity bikes in our country with extreme high cost.
And we have no opportunity to get this segment bike equipped with ABS
brakes, which might cost us huge money.
Traditionally most of bikes uses drum
type mechanical brakes. And little performer bike comes with disk brake
on front wheel & drum type brake at rear wheel. Some bike also
equipped disk brake with both wheels. And still there are no ABS
equipped legal bike in our country. So it is really alarming that we
still cannot use ABS, and ABS is out of our affordable range due to
government policy.
Motorcycle Braking System – What can we do
As we are not privileged for the utility
of ABS technology, we have to be habituate with what we are getting.
Generally our lower capacity bikes are fitted with drum type brakes. So
we have to use those bikes with keen caution. And ride with recommended
speed limit. And keep us abstaining from extreme use of such bikes.
If possible switch to the bike
fitted with disk brake. Now most of modern bikes are equipped with disk
brake in front wheel & drum brake in rear wheel. And some bike also
uses disk brake in rear wheel also.
So here another question arises
which is better, disk brake on both wheel, either disk brake in front
& drum brake in rear? From the research it found both setup gives
near to equal performance.
Front wheel brake performs an
extreme role for stopping a bike effectively. So front wheel brake need
to be more efficient rather then the rear brake. So you can find front
brake always more efficient than the rear one, even rear one is equipped
with disk brake. Here rear disk or drum performs near about same but
disk brake is better to maintain.
So the bottom line is we should use disk brake equipped bike, and if possible & available ABS equipped bike.
Motorcycle Braking System – Learn From Experience
After the braking system the rider also
has a vital roll to do more for safe braking & ensure safety. So
let’s mach with your experience.
Basic Cautions:
- Always check your brakes before a ride.
- Periodically check brake lever, cable, mechanicals, hydraulic setup, fluid, fluid hose, fluid reservoir, clipper-piston, shoes & pads.
- Periodically wash & clean the brake shoes, pads, drum & disk. Ensure that there is no oily sediment on the parts & they are free from dirt & dust.
- Never hesitate to change any of them if any confusion arise or wear seen on any part of braking system.
- Keep the bike tire within recommended pressure.
- In the rainy season or foggy winter season road get wet easily and increases the possibility of slipping & skidding. In such situation little low pressured tire grippes the road better.
- Never use the worn tire & replace the tire when the tire groove depth remains for a millimeter.
Basic Techniques:
- Never brake hard. This can slip or skid your bike badly on the road.
- Apply brakes firmly from a long safe distance.
- Never habituate yourself for using any single brake at a time in any situation (except stunt).
- Practice & be habituate to use both brake every time in any situation.
- Practice to be habituate for précised braking like to maintain 60-65% braking from front brake & 35-40% from rear brake.
- Always apply the brakes from possible safest long distance to reduce the speed from a safe distance and finally push for extreme brake.
- If any time it seems to lock, slip or skid the wheel; try to release the brakes for a moment and again apply it firmly. (It need much practice)
- Never get panic in any worst situation. Try to control yourself in every millisecond as cool head can over come or reduce any worst possibility.
- It is safe not to apply any brake while cornering. If needed use both brake firmly only for reducing little speed or use engine braking power. When you have rode over the corner then apply both brake.
- It is safe not to overtake on zigzag roads. If needed only overtake vehicles one by one.
- Don’t try to overtake double or triple at a time.
- Never apply the brake while overtaking any one.
- Never follow any vehicle in rear view mirror while overtaking.
- Keep the safe distance while ride in group or single from other vehicle.
- Know your limit and stay within your limit. Don’t cross your limit derived by other.
- Expand your limit with possible safest way.
Motorcycle Braking System – Stay Safe
So riderz, that’s not the end.
Experience cannot be figured by letters. So gather experience as much as
possible. Motorbike is the dangerous but most attractive vehicle in the
world no doubt. So keep gathering experience for safety. Ride safe,
keep safe and stay safe. Wish to see you with bellow massage box.
Thanks.